The overall age-adjusted mortality rate for pulmonary embolism remained unchanged from 2006 to 2019 (AAPC 0.2; P=0.15), but increased for men, Black individuals, and rural areas.
Cohort (n=109,992)
Yes
Pulmonary embolism mortality in the US remained unchanged from 2006 to 2019, but significant disparities persist with increasing mortality rates among men and Black individuals, and higher rates in rural areas.
Effect estimate: AAPC 0.2 (95% CI -0.1 to 0.5)
Absolute Event Rate: 2.81% vs 2.84%
p-value: p=0.15
Abstract Rationale Acute pulmonary embolism is a leading cause of cardiovascular death. There are limited data on the national mortality trends from pulmonary embolism. Understanding these trends is crucial for addressing the mortality and associated disparities associated with pulmonary embolism. Objectives To analyze the national mortality trends related to acute pulmonary embolism and determine the overall age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) per 100,000 population for the study period and assess changes in AAMR among different sexes, races, and geographic locations. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using mortality data of individuals aged ⩾15 years with pulmonary embolism listed as the underlying cause of death in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database from January 2006 to December 2019. These data are produced by the National Center for Health Statistics. Results A total of 109,992 pulmonary embolism–related deaths were noted in this dataset nationwide between 2006 and 2019. Of these, women constituted 60,113 (54.7%). The AAMR per 100,000 was not significantly changed, from 2.84 in 2006 to 2.81 in 2019 (average annual percentage change AAPC, 0.2; 95% confidence interval CI, −0.1 to 0.5; P = 0.15). AAMR increased for men throughout the study period compared with women (AAPC, 0.7 for men; 95% CI, 0.3 to 1.2; P = 0.004 vs. AAPC, −0.4 for women; 95% CI, −1.1 to 0.3; P = 0.23, respectively). Similarly, AAMR for pulmonary embolism increased for Black compared with White individuals, from 5.18 to 5.26 (AAPC, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.0 to 0.7; P = 0.05) and 2.82 to 2.86 (AAPC, 0.0; 95% CI, −0.6 to 0.6; P = 0.99), respectively. Similarly, AAMR for pulmonary embolism was higher in rural areas than in micropolitan and large metropolitan areas during the study period (4.07 95% CI, 4.02 to 4.12 vs. 3.24 95% CI, 3.21 to 3.27 vs. 2.32 95% CI, 2.30–2.34, respectively). Conclusions Pulmonary embolism mortality remains high and unchanged over the past decade, and enduring sex, racial and socioeconomic disparities persist in pulmonary embolism. Targeted efforts to decrease pulmonary embolism mortality and address such disparities are needed.
Zghouzi et al. (Wed,) conducted a cohort in Pulmonary embolism (n=109,992). Demographic and geographic factors was evaluated on Age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) per 100,000 population (AAPC 0.2, 95% CI -0.1 to 0.5, p=0.15). The overall age-adjusted mortality rate for pulmonary embolism remained unchanged from 2006 to 2019 (AAPC 0.2; P=0.15), but increased for men, Black individuals, and rural areas.
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