What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Pulmonary hypertension (n=42). Intervention: Observational (HADS and SF-36 assessment). Primary outcome: Prevalence of moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression (HADS score 11-21).

June 24, 2026Open Access

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension and Their Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Key Result

Moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression were present in 10% and 14% of patients with pulmonary hypertension, respectively, and significantly impaired multiple domains of health-related quality of life.

Key Points

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension and their association with health-related quality of life.
Prospective cross-sectional observational study involving 42 patients with pulmonary hypertension
Mood disorders assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Health-related quality of life evaluated using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey.
10% of patients showed elevated anxiety scores (HADS 11-21)
14% of patients exhibited elevated depression scores
Anxiety and depression presence negatively impacted health-related quality of life.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=42)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

What is the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension and how does it impact health-related quality of life?

Population

42 patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) in Saudi Arabia, mean age 42.8±13.3 years, 74% women. 60% had severe PH (mPAP >45 mmHg), 90% WHO-FC II/III, 10% WHO-FC IV.

Outcome

Prevalence of anxiety and depression (assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and their association with health-related quality of life (assessed by Short Form 36 Health Survey)patient reported

Anxiety and depression were relatively infrequent in this cohort of pulmonary hypertension patients, but their presence negatively impacted health-related quality of life.

Limitations

Small sample size
Single-center design
Use of HADS as a screening rather than diagnostic tool
Psychosocial factors were not directly measured
Multiple comparisons were performed without adjustment
Potential cultural reporting bias due to stigma
Lack of a control group
Reliance on self-reported measures

Abstract

Introduction Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic progressive disease that affects quality of life (QoL). The prevalence of mood disorders in PH patients in Saudi Arabia is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with PH and to examine their association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study. In this study, 42 PH patients were evaluated for mood disorders using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey. Results In the current study, 42 PH patients were evaluated. The cohort's mean age was 42.8±13.3 years, and 31 (74%) were women. Mean pulmonary artery pressure was 46.4±15 mm Hg, and 25 (60%) patients had severe PH (mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP)>45 mmHg). Thirty-eight (90%) patients were in World Health Organization Functional Class (WHO-FC) II/III, and four (10%) were in WHO-FC IV. HADS anxiety and depression scores were elevated (11-21) in four (10%) and six (14%) patients, respectively. The presence of anxiety and/or depression affected HRQoL. Conclusion Anxiety and depression were infrequent among PH patients. Further studies with formal psychosocial evaluation are needed to confirm these findings.

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Cite This Study

Saleemi et al. (Thu,) conducted a cross-sectional in Pulmonary hypertension (n=42). Observational (HADS and SF-36 assessment) was evaluated on Prevalence of moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression (HADS score 11-21). Moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression were present in 10% and 14% of patients with pulmonary hypertension, respectively, and significantly impaired multiple domains of health-related quality of life.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3c238ad15afadd906fa4d4 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.109819

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