What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to evaluate the incidence of various cardiovascular risk factors among an urban population in India.

June 27, 2026Open Access

Incidence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Indian Urban Cohort

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cohort. Population: Cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes) (n=1100). Intervention: Urban Indian environment and lifestyle transition vs. Baseline (Phase 5). Primary outcome: Annual incidence of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes).

Key Result

In a young, urban Indian cohort followed for 6.9 years, the annual incidence of hypertension was 4.2% in men and 1.8% in women, while diabetes incidence was 1.0% in men and 0.5% in women.

Key Points

This research aims to evaluate the incidence of various cardiovascular risk factors among an urban population in India.
Conducted a cohort study among an urban population in India.
Analyzed cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes.
Calculated prevalence rates and projected future trends.
Reported a significant rise in coronary heart disease prevalence over the last two decades.
Estimated an increase from 2.26 million CVD deaths in 1990 to 4.77 million in 2020.
Indicated a growing burden of cardiovascular disease as a major health concern.

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=1,100)

Structured PICO

Population

1,100 young urban Indian adults from the New Delhi Birth Cohort, followed for a mean of 6.9 years to assess the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors.

Outcome

Incidence of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia) over a 7-year period.surrogate

There is a rapid increase and high incidence of cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in young, urban Indian populations.

Limitations

Small sample size with a relatively narrow age range limits generalizability.
Cohort is composed of participants from an upper middle-class urban neighborhood, which does not represent rural Indian populations.
Minor differences in selected baseline risk factors between participants and nonparticipants may have biased the results.
Data reflect incidence of risk factors, which may or may not lead to actual cardiovascular events.

Abstract

India has one of the highest burdens of cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. The annual number of deaths from CVD in India is projected to rise from 2.26 million (1990) to 4.77 million (2020) (11). Coronary heart disease prevalence rates in India have been estimated over the past several

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Cite This Study

Huffman et al. (Fri,) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes) (n=1,100). Urban Indian environment and lifestyle transition vs. Baseline (Phase 5) was evaluated on Annual incidence of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes). In a young, urban Indian cohort followed for 6.9 years, the annual incidence of hypertension was 4.2% in men and 1.8% in women, while diabetes incidence was 1.0% in men and 0.5% in women.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3f41264de54c29ade985ed https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.083

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