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A model of family structure and process was tested using a sample of 133 children where both divorced parents remained in their children's lives about 3 years after the separation. Role diffusion, lack of a coparental alliance, parental boundary problems, and parent-child rejection are found to be associated with reduced social competence and behavioral difficulties (especially in boys and younger children) and somatic symptoms in all children. Role reversal and parental boundary problems predicted emotional constriction, somatic symptoms, and a controlling interpersonal style, irrespective of gender and age. Counseling interventions and public policy implications are discussed.
Janet R. Johnston (Mon,) studied this question.