Commonly Used Techniques in Scientific and Technical Literature Translation

Objective. The objective of the article is to study the peculiarities of the commonly used translation techniques in scientific and technical literature and to identify key problems and methods of their solution. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: to determine the ways of reproducing terms in translation; to analyze the ways of translating terms in scientific and technical literature; and to analyze the use of translation techniques in the scientific and technical literature. Methods. The main results are obtained by applying such research methods as: descriptive method was used to characterize the terms and terminology; comparative method was applied for the identification terms’ differences and similarities; contrastive method was used to analyze specific examples of the translation of terms. Results. The theoretical analysis of the terms in the scientific and technical literature has made it possible to identify the types of term structure. Six main types of term structure are outlined. The author considers generalized types of term construction: terms consisting of a base or root which has the basic meaning of the term; terms formed by affixation; terms consisting of two or more root words; new terms formed by combining two or more words; abbreviations of one or more words used as terms; terms consisting of symbols and letters reflecting certain concepts or concepts; terms used to describe a certain model or concept. The conceptual and categorical apparatus of the study is formed, which includes definitions of the most commonly used translation techniques in the scientific and technical literature: “calquing”, “transcoding” and “descriptive translation”. The commonly used translation techniques in scientific and technical literature are identified as follows: calquing, transcoding and descriptive translation technique. Examples of the above-mentioned translation techniques are given on the basis of technical terms of the construction industry, which will allow to successfully manage the educational process of students of both philological and technical specialties. References Abibilova, M. Snell-Hornby. (1986). Die Szene hinter dem Text:„scenes-and-frames- semantics“ in der Übersetzung. Übersetzungswissenschaft. Eine Neuorientierung. Tübingen, Francke Publ., pp. 184-205.