Ayurvedic Concepts and Management of Hypothyroidism: A Review Article

Hypothyroidism is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders worldwide and results from inadequate synthesis of thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which play a vital role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development. Elevated thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) levels are considered a primary indicator of hypothyroidism. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits contribute significantly to thyroid dysfunction. From an Ayurvedic perspective, hypothyroidism is understood as a disorder involving Agnimandya (impaired digestive fire) and imbalance of Doshas. Predominantly, Kapha and Vata Doshas are aggravated, while Pitta Dosha is reduced, leading to systemic manifestations. The condition is also associated with vitiation of Rasa Dhatu and involvement of multiple Srotas. Although hypothyroidism is not described directly in classical Ayurvedic texts, it can be correlated with Anukta Vyadhi. This review highlights the Ayurvedic conceptual understanding and management principles of hypothyroidism.