Review. SERS and SEF with enhancement in nanogaps: from fabrication to biosensing

Key Points

• This review aims to explore the relationship between fabrication techniques for nanogaps and their applications in biosensing using SERS and SEF.
• Survey of existing literature on SERS and SEF spectroscopies
• Analysis of nanogap fabrication techniques
• Examination of biosensing applications utilizing enhanced nanogaps
• Identified key fabrication methods that improve nanogap sensitivity
• Discussed various biosensing applications benefiting from SERS and SEF enhancements
• Supported correlation between nanogap characteristics and improved sensing performance