This study highlights how long-term environmental and antimicrobial pressures shape the evolution of Vibrio species, leading to multidrug resistance and genomic diversification. By analyzing 16 years of clinical isolates from a major cholera-endemic region in India, including emerging Vibrio paracholerae cases, we reveal both known and novel resistance mechanisms and virulence factors. These findings emphasize the need for sustained genomic surveillance to track evolving resistance trajectories and support effective control strategies for cholera and related enteric infections in endemic regions.
Pragasam et al. (Thu,) studied this question.