Overview of recent cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union (January–August 2025)

Between January and August 2025, only two cases related to social security have been handed down by the Court. The first case, C-7/24 Deutsche Rentenversicherung Nord and BG Verkehr , concerns the interpretation of Article 85(1) of Regulation 883/2004. This ‘conflicts-of-law’ provision is relevant when an institution of a Member State has paid a social security benefit to a person for an injury resulting from events occurring in another Member State and wishes to claim compensation from the third party liable for the injury. In order to determine what benefits could be subrogated, the Court ruled that the benefits need to be ‘sufficiently comparable’ in their subject matter and purpose. The second case is C-257/24 Städteregion Aachen , about the refusal to grant school assistance benefit to a disabled child of a frontier worker, due to residence abroad. The Court found that this case amounted to indirect discrimination, prohibited by Article 7(2) of Regulation 492/2011.