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The research aims to develop a physical model explaining the process of black hole evolution from initial collapse to final freeze-out.

February 9, 2026Open Access

A Physical Model of Black Hole Evolution: Formation to Freeze-Out

Key Points

The research aims to develop a physical model explaining the process of black hole evolution from initial collapse to final freeze-out.
Developed a physical model employing suppression dynamics
Analyzed the center-initiated freeze-out mechanism
Examined the propagation of boundaries at light speed
Investigated the relationship between angular momentum and accretion
Demonstrated that suppression increases toward the center during collapse
Established that final black hole size is determined by self-consistent suppression gradients
Showed that angular momentum is invariant during and after freeze-out

Abstract

We develop a physical model of black hole evolution governed by suppression dynamics. During collapse, suppression increases monotonically toward the center, inducing a center-initiated freezeout whose boundary propagates outward at light speed. Propagation terminates when suppression gradients self-consistently support the configuration, thereby fixing the black hole’s final size. Angular momentum is locked during freeze-out, implying a spin that remains invariant under subsequent accretion. The framework yields a causal account of black hole formation and evolution without relying on horizon-defined or purely symmetry-based constructions.

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