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February 9, 20260 citationsOpen Access

A Physical Model of Black Hole Evolution: Formation to Freeze-Out

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PMParndhaman Muthuswamy

Key Points

  • The research aims to develop a physical model explaining the process of black hole evolution from initial collapse to final freeze-out.
  • Developed a physical model employing suppression dynamics
  • Analyzed the center-initiated freeze-out mechanism
  • Examined the propagation of boundaries at light speed
  • Investigated the relationship between angular momentum and accretion
  • Demonstrated that suppression increases toward the center during collapse
  • Established that final black hole size is determined by self-consistent suppression gradients
  • Showed that angular momentum is invariant during and after freeze-out

Abstract

We develop a physical model of black hole evolution governed by suppression dynamics. During collapse, suppression increases monotonically toward the center, inducing a center-initiated freezeout whose boundary propagates outward at light speed. Propagation terminates when suppression gradients self-consistently support the configuration, thereby fixing the black hole’s final size. Angular momentum is locked during freeze-out, implying a spin that remains invariant under subsequent accretion. The framework yields a causal account of black hole formation and evolution without relying on horizon-defined or purely symmetry-based constructions.

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Cite This Study

Parndhaman Muthuswamy (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698979e9f0ec2af6756e7f64https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519228
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