Legal Aspects of Environmental Sustainability and Climate Change: The Role of International and National Legislation

Today, the world is facing environmental problems, pollution and climate change that have arisen as a result of irresponsible use of natural resources and outdated technologies. The study aims to identify new approaches to solving environmental problems, study international standards adopted at the level of the world community, and the possibility of their application, in particular in post-communist countries. To achieve this goal, the following scientific methods were used: analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis, dialectical method, induction, and deduction methods. The research resulted in an overview of international regulations adopted by the European Union (EU) and recommended for use by all states regardless of their membership in the Union. The problems arising from climate change, particularly in developing countries, require immediate solutions and the development of mechanisms for implementing state environmental policy. The article analyses the peculiarities of adaptation policy to climate change and its implementation in Albania, Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine on the example of international experience in combating the effects of climate change and measures taken to adapt to new climate conditions. The study analyses the problems that are typical for post-Soviet countries. The results identified the most effective and promising mechanisms that contribute to environmental protection and prevent the negative effects of climate change. The study concluded that it is necessary to consolidate the efforts of all countries to ensure a solution to the issue of adaptation to climate change and suggests ways to improve the mechanisms for implementing the environmental policy of countries through integration into the EU.