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As part of Fermilab's Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II), the Fermilab Booster synchrotron will operate at a higher intensity, increasing from 4.5×10 12 to 6.7×10 12 protons per pulse ppp.A potential challenge for achieving high-intensity performance arises from rapid transverse instabilities induced by electron cloud (EC).This research presents EC simulations using PyECLOUD, which is an advanced computational tool that incorporates measurements of the secondary electron yield (SEY) from the Booster's combined function magnet material.By systematically varying beam parameters in PyECLOUD, such as bunch structure, bunch length, and intensity, the EC effects on beam stability and overall performance of Booster can be predicted.
Wijethunga et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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