State Model of Regulating Higher Education: From Individualized Acts to Systematization and Partial Codification

The article examines the evolution of the state model of legal regulation of higher education in pre-revolutionary Russia through an analysis of the forms and techniques used to formalize normative prescriptions in the educational sphere. It traces the shift from the predominance of individualized acts and heterogeneous administrative decisions toward the ordering of legal sources, their systematization, and the emergence of elements of partial codification, most clearly manifested in the development of university charter regulation. Particular attention is paid to the institutional conditions of lawmaking, the diversity of legal forms of acts, and their role in ensuring legality and uniformity of law enforcement within higher education governance. The article concludes that the historical experience of systematizing educational legislation reflects the Russian state’s pursuit of greater legal certainty in the administration of higher education and the sustainable development of the national education system.