Osteopathic manipulative medicine lymphatic drainage techniques for venous insufficiency and peripheral arterial disease: a review

Key Points

• This review aims to assess the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative medicine lymphatic drainage techniques for venous insufficiency and peripheral arterial disease.
• Reviewed existing literature on osteopathic lymphatic drainage techniques.
• Analyzed small-scale studies and their findings on clinical benefits.
• Identified the need for larger randomized controlled trials.
• Existing studies suggest potential physiologic and clinical benefits for CVI and PAD.
• Limited by small sample sizes and variable treatment protocols.
• Highlight the necessity for standardized approaches in future research.