Osteopathic manipulative medicine lymphatic drainage techniques for venous insufficiency and peripheral arterial disease: a review

Emerging evidence indicates that OMM lymphatic drainage techniques may provide meaningful physiologic and clinical benefits for patients with CVI and PAD. However, current studies are limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneity, and variable treatment protocols. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the efficacy, establish standardized approaches, and clarify the role of lymphatic OMM in multidisciplinary vascular care.