A computational model of the canine left ventricle suggests that normal cardiac output can be maintained for acute infarcts up to 41% of the ventricular surface, with moderately stiff infarcts preserving function better than extensible ones.
An isotropic, initially spherical, membrane model of the infarcted ventricle satisfactorily predicts ventricular function in the infarcted heart when compared to clinical information and available ventricular models of higher complexity. Computations based on finite element solutions of this membrane model yield end-diastolic and end-systolic pressure-volume curves, from which ventricular function curves are calculated, for infarcts of varying size and material properties. These computations indicate a progressive degradation of cardiac performance with increasing infarct sizes such that normal cardiac outputs can be maintained with Frank-Starling compensation and increased heart rate for acute infarcts no larger than 41% of the ventricular surface. The relationship between infarct stiffness and cardiac function is found to be complex and dependent on both infarct size and end-diastolic pressure, although moderately stiff subacute infarcts are associated with better function than extensible acute infarcts. Also, calculations of extensions and stresses suggest considerable disruption of the border zone contraction pattern, as well as elevated border zone systolic stresses.
Bogen et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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