Research demonstrates a nanoporous coating improves flashover strength by 53.5% in electrical devices, suggesting enhanced reliability.
The surface flashover failures on gas-solid interfaces pose significant threat to the reliable operation of electrical apparatus. This study proposes a nanoporous composite coating strategy to enhance flashover strength, which is fabricated by the polymerization-induced phase separation (PIPS). Employing epoxy acrylate (EA) as the polymeric matrix and mixed alcohols as porogens, surface coating featuring three-dimensionally interconnected nanoscale porous architecture was developed by the PIPS method. The pore structure is controlled by adjusting the composition and concentration of the porogen, and the mechanism of porous morphology on flashover enhancement is comprehensively investigated. The DC flashover voltage of the porous coating was maximally enhanced by 53.5% compared to epoxy resin. It was found that nanoporous structures have two distinct effects on the charge migration process: the charges tend to migrate into deeper pores which facilitate the dissipation of surface charges and mitigate the electric field distortion; more charges are attached on the pore walls due to the high specific surface area of the porous structure. These combined mechanisms effectively improve flashover strength. This research reveals the critical role of nanoscale porous structures in suppressing gas-solid interfacial discharge, offering a novel paradigm for insulation coating design in high-voltage components.
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Zhu et al. (2025) studied this question.
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