Current Challenges in Evaluating National Health Systems’ Response to Technogenic Emergencies

The industrial development is associated not only with economic growth but also by technogenic risks that threaten human health and the environment. Historical incidents such as the Bhopal Disaster (1984), Chernobyl Accident (1986), Fukushima Daiichi Accident (2011), Flint Water Crisis (2014), and many other technogenic accidents and disasters dramatically demonstrate the impact of existing threats to society and healthcare systems. The aim of the study was to identify key challenges and current approaches to evaluate national health systems’ responses to technogenic emergencies. The study analyzed scientific publications from the NCBI, PubMed, and Elibrary databases published between 2000 and 2024. These publications underwent terminological analysis using the VOSviewer software and were peer-reviewed. Based on an analysis of the most relevant publications concerning healthcare system responses to technogenic emergencies, five key areas were identified. These areas integrate resources from healthcare facilities, management systems, and technological innovations. The study highlights the significance of an integrated approach in preparing healthcare systems for technogenic emergencies. It provides a systematiс review of measures focused on improving the effectiveness of response, including simulating disaster scenarios, conducting surveys among staff and victims, raising public awareness, establishing psychological support systems, developing volunteer services, and promoting cooperation with public organizations.