Global Tariffs and the Pursuit of Monetary Sovereignty: A Cross-Regional Comparative Analysis of De-Dollarization Strategies

This study conducted a cross-regional comparative analysis of de- dollarization strategies pursued by thirteen emerging and frontier economies: Angola, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Egypt, Iran, Argentina, Brazil, Russia, Vietnam, Turkey, and Indonesia. The research explored how these countries have sought to reduce their reliance on the U.S. dollar, particularly in light of the 2025 global imposition of a 10% U.S. tariff on imports. Using a multidimensional framework, the study evaluated the design, implementation, and effectiveness of de- dollarization efforts through economic, institutional, and geopolitical lenses. Findings reveal that while macroeconomic stability and institutional quality are critical prerequisites, geopolitical realignments—particularly regional monetary cooperation—have significantly influenced the trajectories and outcomes of de-dollarization efforts. The study concludes with targeted policy recommendations.