Challenges Faced by the Public Prosecutor´S Office in the Western Amazon of Pará: A Literature Review

Objective: This study aims to analyze, through a literature review, the main challenges faced by the Public Prosecutor’s Office of the State of Pará (MPPA) in preserving the Amazon in western Pará, considering its role in environmental protection and the defense of traditional communities’ rights. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on environmental law, fundamental rights, socio-environmental justice, and the institutional role of the Public Prosecutor’s Office, as well as discussions on ecocide and legal instruments for environmental protection. Method: This is a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study grounded in a bibliographic review. Scientific articles, institutional reports, legislation, and official documents published between 2006 and 2024 were used, selected from databases such as SciELO, Google Scholar, and governmental portals. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that, although the MPPA has legal and institutional tools to act in environmental defense, it faces obstacles such as weak law enforcement, state absence, land conflicts, and economic pressure. Strategies like task forces and the use of monitoring technologies have strengthened its actions but remain insufficient given the region’s complexity. Research Implications: The study highlights the importance of coordinated public policies and the integrated work of the MPPA with other agencies and local communities to ensure environmental protection and territorial justice. Originality/Value: This research contributes by critically highlighting the role of the Public Prosecutor’s Office in a context of high socio-environmental vulnerability, strengthening the debate on environmental governance and collective rights in the Amazon.