Baseline Relative Peripheral Refraction Influence on Myopia Control in Children who Wear Individualized Ocular Refraction Customization Lenses

Abstract Myopia control is a significant global health concern, particularly in East Asia. Evidence suggests that relative peripheral myopic defocus may influence central refractive development. In this study, we investigated the relationship between baseline relative peripheral refraction (RPR) and myopia control effectiveness in Chinese children wearing individualized ocular refraction customization (IORC) lenses. Multispectral refractive topography (MRT) was used to measure refraction difference values (RDV) in 234 participants aged 7 to 15 years. Results indicated hyperopic defocus increasing with eccentricity in the peripheral retina. Higher baseline nasal hyperopic defocus (RDV-N) correlated with slower myopia progression, reflected in reduced axial elongation and less negative spherical equivalent (SE) changes. RDV-N demonstrated moderate predictive capacity for axial elongation (AUC = 0.731), with an optimal cutoff value of 0.6 D. These findings indicate associations between baseline RPR and myopia control outcomes in children using IORC lenses, specifically linking elevated nasal hyperopic defocus to slower progression rates.