AI-Based Detection of Anomalous User Behavior in Moodle: A Literature Review on E-Learning Security

The growing reliance on web-based education has positioned Learning Management Systems (LMS) such as Moodle at the center of educational operations. However, this trend exposes institutions to the threat of insider threats, meaning entities such as students, teachers, or administrators. Such threats involve unauthorised behaviour and grade hacking. This review of literature discusses 10 insider threat detection studies from learning contexts, focusing on the integration of user behaviour analytics (UBA) and artificial intelligence (AI). The survey also highlights the need for simulation-based models for normal and malicious behaviour modeling and serves as the basis for an AI-based detection system on LMS platforms like Moodle .