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Experimental results demonstrate improved usability and learning outcomes for dementia caregivers, indicating user-centered design is effective.
Falls in bathrooms pose a significant health risk for the elderly, particularly those with dementia. This study developed a Virtual Reality based bathroom safety application for dementia caregivers and evaluated its usability to enhance learning outcomes. Thirteen hazardous items identified by expert nurses were integrated into the virtual environment, and User Interface/User experience design improvements were made based on Nielsen's heuristics. Experimental results showed that both the experimental and control groups exceeded the usability benchmark score of 68 on the System Usability Scale, with identical quiz accuracy rates of 88.33%. Interviews with the control group highlighted features implemented in the experimental group, suggesting that the user-centered design improved usability and can enhance learning outcomes with iterations.
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Choi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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