Theoretical design of a spherical halbach array for solar wind shielding on Mars and plasma confinement for propulsion suggests new advancements in planetary defense.
This paper explores the theoretical design and application of a spherical Halbach array—a magnetic structure composed of rotating magnetized segments arranged in a spherical shell. The array is proposed as a scalable solution for two advanced space applications: (1) shielding Mars from solar wind to preserve its atmosphere and enable terraforming, and (2) confining plasma for magnetic fusion propulsion in deep-space missions. Using established electromagnetic principles and recent research in planetary defense and fusion technology, we present a conceptual blueprint, magnetization functions, and simulation strategies for realizing this structure.
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Amirreza Shahbazkia (2025) studied this question.
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