Additive Manufacturing as a Strategy for Biochar-Based Depollution Projects: A systemic review

Water resource contamination has emerged as a critical global challenge, requiring innovative strategies focused on remediation to mitigate the environmental impact of anthropogenic activities. Grounded in the theoretical framework of adsorption applied to environmental remediation, this study critically evaluates the feasibility of utilizing 3D printing to enhance the performance of biochar as an adsorbent. To achieve this, a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol, analyzing peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scielo, Periódicos CAPES, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Eligibility criteria included publications from 2020 onwards that specifically addressed biochar, adsorption, and additive manufacturing, yielding an initial selection of 112 studies, resulting in 35 directly relevant articles after qualitative analysis. The findings highlight the potential of 3Dprinted biochar for pollutant adsorption, while also underscoring persistent technical challenges and economic constraints. In conclusion, the biochar and additive manufacturing integration represents a promising advancement in the development of next-generation water depollution technologies.