Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Hba1c in Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Bethesda Lempuyangwangi Hospital

Background: The number of diabetes mellitus cases in 2018 in the Special Region of Yogyakarta was the 3rd highest among other provinces in Indonesia with a prevalence of 3.1%. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 650 million adults aged ? 18 yeakrs, or 13% of adults worldwide, were obese in 2016. Obesity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. It was also one of the leading causes of death and disability in 2019." Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between body mass index and HbA1c levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus at Bethesda Lempuyangwangi Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study used primary data from 45 patients with diabetes with available HbA1c and BMI measurements. Data were collected using paper-based questionnaires, including informed consent and respondent characteristics. The relationship between the variables was analyzed using the Spearman rho correlation test. Results: Based on the Spearman rho test, there was no significant relationship between body mass index and HbA1c levels (p = 0.670); (p> 0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis mean difference test between body mass index and HbA1c found that there was no significant difference (p = 0.318); (p>0.05). Conclusions: Body Mass Index (BMI) was not significantly associated with HbA1c levels (p > 0.05), indicating that BMI alone may not adequately reflect glycemic control. Therefore, a broader metabolic assessment beyond BMI is needed to evaluate the glycemic status in patients with diabetes.