Impact of UTI in Both T2DM with and without Nephropathy on Renal Function Tests and Novel Biomarkers (Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein (LFABP) and Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI))

Background: Type 2 diabetic mellitus patients are more prone to suffering urinary tract infections (UTIs), a more common, severe and poor outcome problem. There has been a number of studies associating chronic renal disease and urinary tract infection (UTIs). objective: The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy (DN) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are to be studied in a combination, and new biomarkers such as blood concentrations of Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) and L-Fatty Acid Binding protein (L-FABP) are to be considered. Methods: The study we took was a case-control one. The 80 participants of the study were divided into two equal groups namely individuals with Type 2 diabetes and individual without DN. The size of every group was 40. Find out the concentrations of L-FABP and SLPI in the blood with the help of the ELIZA method. Urine samples of Karbala Governorate in Iraq were collected between October 2024 and January 2025 with an aim of testing the culture of the urine sample and measuring urinary parameters to access the standards of the urinary parameters of the sample in Karbala Governorate. Results: UTI was observed in 25 of diabetic and 37.5 of DN patients with no significant differences in renal functions tests in respect to UTI, with exception of Albuminuria and ACR. The level of LFABP was highly elevated in T2DM compared to DN with UTI. It was established that serum urea level showed a significant difference as per the type of the bacterial isolate with an E coli infection leading to a significant lower value of serum urea. Conclusion: The result of UTI can bring tremendous change between T2DM and DN in the level of Albumine in urine and ACR. Bacterial isolate may also influence Serum Urea level. UTI has an impact on the level of L-FABP in the serum.