Graphene field-effect transistor for label-free detection of nephrotic syndrome

A graphene field-effect transistor biosensor based on retinol binding protein antibody functionalization was developed for the detection of retinol binding protein, a marker of nephrotic syndrome. The experimental results showed that the GFET biosensor had a linear response in the range of 1 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 0.47 ng/mL. The GFET sensor achieved the detection of retinol binding protein antigen in serum samples, which means that the GFET detection platform has the potential for clinical application.