Critique and Review of Qur’anic Commentators’ Interpretations of the Seven Heavens

This article aims to critically examine the interpretations of Qur’anic commentators concerning the reality of the seven heavens in the Qur’an. The study is theoretical in nature regarding its objective and utilizes a library-based method for data collection. The research, after referencing the Qur’anic verses that discuss the seven heavens, and analyzing and evaluating the interpretations provided by various commentators, has reached several conclusions. First, the divergence in interpretations among commentators stems primarily from the differences in their methodological approaches; some have relied on empirical methods, while others have utilized rational-intuitive approaches, leading to varied understandings of the concept of seven heavens. Second, the study asserts that the only reliable means to comprehend the seven heavens is through empirical methods. Therefore, accurate interpretation of this concept should be sought from empirical science and modern technologies. With the advancement and precision of scientific instruments, one of the veils covering the seven heavens is lifted, and its truth becomes clearer. Consequently, either the commentator must be well-versed in the science of astronomy or should await the outcomes of scientific investigations in that field.