The Role of Gender Transformative Agro-ecological Interventions in Crop-Based Farming Systems in Tanzania: A Case of Muray Ward, Mbulu District

This study investigates the role of gender-transformative agro-ecological interventions (GTAI) in crop-based farming systems in Muray Ward, Mbulu District, Tanzania, with particular focus on GTAI undertaken under the "Rural Women Cultivating Change" project. It highlights the importance of understanding gender dynamics to promote equality in agro-ecological practices. A qualitative research design was employed, utilising snowball sampling to engage 58 farmers (27 men and 31 women) through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions as well as direct observation. The objective was to explore the role of GTAI mainly on the gender division of labour, access to resources, and decision-making power among farmers. Findings reveal that while collective labour practices have improved, traditional gender roles persist, with women often burdened by household chores that limit their participation in farming. Decision-making remains predominantly male-dominated, despite some shifts towards shared responsibilities. Access to land is a critical factor influencing autonomy, with entrenched patriarchal norms still favouring male ownership. The study highlights the need for targeted educational initiatives to challenge these norms and promote equitable resource management. While GTAI is fostering inclusivity, significant barriers remain in achieving gender equity in agro-ecological farming practices. Therefore, sustained community education, advocacy for women's land rights, and culturally sensitive engagement strategies to dismantle systemic inequalities were recommended. Future research should focus on the long-term impacts of GTAI across diverse contexts to further advance gender justice and sustainable food systems