Q study reveals social division and political dualities in Brazil regarding the 2014 World Cup.
Internal conflicts known as “Jornadas de Junho” spread through the streets of Brazil in June 2013. At that moment, street art in Brazil asked the question: “World Cup for whom?” The three narratives of what the 2014 Football World Cup meant to Brazilians are fraught with conflict, as will be illustrated in this Q study, which draws on diverse theoretical perspectives and explores both qualitative and quantitative approaches. This Q Study was developed with 30 Brazilian residents with a questionnaire of images about these conflicts and protests, and also about the 2014 FIFA World Cup. A sample of 35 photos, cartoons, and collages was gathered to represent this concourse. As a result, the stories speak of conflicting emotions, dualities, and even anxiety, revealing a deep sense of social division and political dualities that lingered in the 2018 and 2022 presidential elections.
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Said et al. (2025) studied this question.
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