Objective measurements reveal reflection variability in different types of white paper, suggesting implications for forensics and printing.
A set of objective measurements of reflective characteristics of different types of white paper was obtained and the influence of illumination geometry on them was studied. A corresponding measuring setup with a digital camera was developed to obtain an image of a white sheet of paper with different directions of its illumination and different angular orientation of the camera. The results of the work can contribute to expanding knowledge about the perception of the appearance of white paper in various tasks, one of which is the identification of the type of paper by the image, which is important in forensics and printing, in particular.
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Kataev et al. (2025) studied this question.
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