Abstract The integration of high-proportion renewable energy sources exacerbates frequency stability issues in power systems, while traditional frequency regulation resources face dual bottlenecks in regulation capacity and speed. This paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for grid primary frequency regulation based on electrolytic hydrogen production (EHP) loads. First, a voltage-power coupling model (CVR model) is established to quantify the dynamic response characteristics of EHP loads. Second, a negative feedback loop for EHP loads is introduced into the classical frequency response model, deriving an analytical relationship between system frequency deviation and load regulation coefficients. Finally, a negative feedback controller based on bus voltage regulation is designed to achieve rapid suppression of frequency deviations. This study provides a theoretical foundation for large-scale EHP loads to participate in grid ancillary services.
You et al. (2025) studied this question.