Environmental Determinants of Dengue Fever: ‎A Re‐Emerging Threat in the Middle East

Re-emerging of dengue fever (DF), a neglected disease‎, is a potential threat in tropical and subtropical countries. The increasing reporting of ‎positive ‎cases of DF in Middle East and consequently in Iran is a major reason for ‎concern. This paper ‎aims to describe the environmental aspect of DF to prevent a new crisis in Middle East. Literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar and related data of each paper was evaluated. Recent climate changes, increased rainfall, international travel, and tourism have produced ideal conditions for the ‎spread of Aedes mosquitoes‎ in Iran. In the absence of specific treatments and ‎vaccines, controlling mosquito populations is the most effective strategy to prevent dengue ‎transmission. This study ‎emphasizes the need for environmental monitoring and vector control to mitigate DF epidemics ‎in Iran. Also, collaboration between environmental and health professionals is needed to develop and implement effective strategies. These findings improve the understanding of the effects of the environmental factors on DF and support prevention and control strategies in the Middle East. Investing in research to understand environmental factors for mosquito surveillance and control are critical steps ‎towards sustainable and effective dengue management.