The neuroprotective role of SIRT1 in peripheral nerve trauma

SIRT1 has been widely associated with its potential as a neuroprotective agent. However, few studies have elucidated the mechanism of SIRT1 activity, particularly in peripheral nerve trauma. The neuroprotective mechanism of SIRT1 is largely linked to its enzymatic activity (as a deacetylase enzyme) as well as its non-enzymatic activity (related to the MAPK/ERK pathway). Deacetylation of non-histone proteins by SIRT1 in the nucleus reduces oxidative stress caused by post-trauma inflammation, while activation of the AMPK and MAPK pathways by SIRT1 in the cytoplasm prevents cell apoptosis and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis.