Clinical and Biochemical Outcomes of Hormonal Therapy among Elderly Patients with Prostate Cancer in Sulaimani City

Background: Androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), have a major impact on the progression of prostate cancer because they activate the androgen receptors (AR) of prostate cancer cells. This condition is one of the most common cancers in males worldwide. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and biochemical outcomes with bicalutamide, enzalutamide, and abiraterone in patients with prostate cancer. Methods: This is a retrospective study that included patients with advanced prostate cancer who were divided into three groups: bicalutamide, enzalutamide, and abiraterone treated groups. Data were collected from patients’ files at baseline and 6 and 12 months after treatment for measuring prostate-specific antigen, liver function, renal function, and lipid profile. Results: A remarkable decline in prostate size, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), back pain, and urinary symptoms was seen in all the groups after 12 months of treatment. Bicalutamide and abiraterone significantly attenuated total serum bilirubin (TSB). Meanwhile, enzalutamide significantly reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level. Abiraterone resulted in a significant reduction in serum creatinine levels. A significant elevation of performance status (PS) score was noticed in the Enzalutamide and Abiraterone groups. Conclusions: Bicalutamide, enzalutamide, and abiraterone improved the outcomes of prostate cancer. Bicalutamide was superior to enzalutamide and abiraterone in improving PS.