Investigating the Relationship Between the Monocyte Percentage and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio with the Type, Duration, and Complications of Cholecystectomy: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Cholecystectomy is a common surgical procedure performed to remove the gallbladder. It plays an essential role in treating various biliary diseases, especially gallstones and gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis). It is of great importance to investigate factors that affect surgical results and predict related complications. Materials and Methods: At the beginning of the study, following approval by the ethics committee, clinical records of patients were collected from Bandar Abbas Shahid Mohammadi Hospital. Supplemental data were gathered via telephone contact with patients or their families when necessary. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and appropriate statistical methods. Results: A total of 189 cholecystectomy patients (72.6% female, 91.6% laparoscopic procedures) who underwent surgery at Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, between 2022 and 2023 were enrolled in this study. Their monocyte and lymphocyte percentages, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and other related clinical information were collected. The MLR was significantly higher in patients with underlying disease (P<0.05). It was also significantly higher in patients who underwent laparotomy, those hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery, and those who developed surgical site infections. In patients who had postoperative bleeding, both the monocyte percentage and the MLR were significantly higher. Additionally, the percentage of lymphocytes was elevated in these patients. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the MLR may serve as a valuable biomarker for identifying patients at higher risk of postoperative complications following cholecystectomy.