Simulation Study on the Energy Consumption Characteristics of Individual and Cluster Thermal Storage Electric Heating Systems

This study investigates the energy consumption characteristics of individual and clustered thermal storage electric heating systems, focusing on their sustainability implications for regional load distribution and user energy consumption patterns. Simulation results show that thermal storage electric heating shifts peak energy demand from daytime to nighttime low-price hours, reducing electricity costs and optimizing grid load balancing. As the proportion of thermal storage electric heating increases from 10% to 30%, the daytime minimum load reduction rate rises from 7% to 22%, while the nighttime maximum load increase rate increases from 16% to 63%. This operational mode supports sustainable energy usage by alleviating daytime grid peak pressure and leveraging low-cost, off-peak electricity for heat storage. The findings highlight the potential of thermal storage electric heating to enhance energy efficiency, integrate renewable energy, and promote grid stability, contributing to a more sustainable energy system.