Evolution and Analysis of Brush Structures in Brushed Motors

Based on the law of electromagnetic induction, DC motors have undergone significant technological advancements since their invention in the 19th century, becoming essential in industrial and household applications. However, traditional brushed DC motors face a major drawback: severe internal wear caused by mechanical friction between the brushes and commutators, which reduces their efficiency and lifespan. This paper analyzes the structure and working principles of brushed DC motors, investigates the causes of brush wear, and proposes solutions such as lubricants, automatic replacement systems, and carbon nanotube-based materials. Additionally, it reviews the development history of DC motors and discusses future prospects for enhancing performance through advanced materials and intelligent technologies like IoT-enabled monitoring systems. Although brushed DC motors have limitations in complex environments, their low cost, simple design, and reliability ensure their irreplaceability in specific applications. This study aims to provide insights into improving motor durability and efficiency while maintaining their practical advantages.