Progress in the Application of Multi-Scale Simulation Technology in the Study of Building Environment Comfort

Against the backdrop of climate change and urbanization, issues such as energy consumption and public health are becoming increasingly prominent. The building environment comfort is crucial for the physical and mental health of residents. Multi-scale simulation is a cross-scale analysis tool. It is able to evaluate environmental comfort at multiple levels, including city simulation, zone simulation, building simulation, and indoor simulation, and provide data support for design optimization. This paper reviews the advancements in the application of multi-scale simulation technology in building environment comfort, covering its theoretical foundations (such as computational fluid dynamics and computational thermal dynamics), technical framework, and typical cases. Research indicates that multi-scale simulation technology has proven effective in mitigating urban heat island phenomenon, optimizing street form, and enhancing both thermal and visual comfort in buildings. However, current research still faces challenges such as high computational resource consumption and insufficient integration of multiple factors. Future efforts should focus on establishing systematic comfort evaluation standards and promoting interdisciplinary integration (such as artificial intelligence and materials science) to achieve more precise and efficient optimization of the building environment.