Indigenous Ways of Knowing: Tjuveljevelj Sauniaw and the Lalingedan Nose Flute in Taiwan

This article contrasts previous field-based research by combining native and software-driven objective analysis of the Paiwan two-pipe nose flute ( lalingedan ) in contemporary performances. Tjuveljevelj Sauniaw, an inheritor of the lalingedan tradition and Western-trained musician, offers unique reinterpretations of this instrument through collaboration. Her insights, gained from interviews alongside software analysis, uncover previously unexamined musical characteristics. These key features, including duration ratios, pitch fluctuations, and voice inversion, are systematically explored. This collaborative approach enhances understanding of traditional elements, bridging past and present, and introduces novel discussions within Paiwan nose flute literature.