Transformer Encoder–Decoder Framework for Nonlinear Pulse Evolution and Inverse Modeling

Modeling and understanding the nonlinear pulse evolution in optical systems is crucial for developing modern photonic technologies. The pulse evolution often involves a complex interplay of various effects, and modeling its dynamics heavily relies on numerical simulations. Supercontinuum generation, a highly nonlinear phenomenon involving the propagation of ultrashort pulses through optical fibers, is one example of such a nonlinear dynamical problem. The idea of modeling both forward and inverse processes using a transformer‐based encoder–decoder approach is put forth. To the best of the knowledge, this might be the first work to apply this framework to the task, highlighting its effectiveness in capturing complex dynamics. While the primary focus is on the transformer‐based encoder–decoder model, a variety of other network architectures is also explored to evaluate model accuracy and to highlight their ability to predict complex nonlinear dynamics at a fraction of the computational cost of traditional numerical methods. This article demonstrates the potential of transformer‐based approaches for modeling nonlinear optical systems and their ability to generalize to other physical systems.