Association Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-sectional Study in China

Objectives This study aims to explore the association between Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and people’s willingness to receive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Methods This survey was conducted in November 2020. 1461 participants (convenient sampling method) completed the online questionnaire. HRQoL was assessed using the 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12) which included Physical and Mental Component Summary (PCS and MCS). The relationship between HRQoL and the willingness of COVID-19 vaccination was assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Results 25.67% of respondents intended to be vaccinated immediately, 61.05% hesitated, and 13.28% refused. The mean score of PCS was 51.27 ± 6.30 and MCS was 47.72 ± 9.26. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the correlation between HRQoL and the willingness of vaccination ( Ρ <0.05). Based on Z-score standardization, for 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in PCS, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.854 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.753-0.969) for hesitant vaccination vs. immediate vaccination. For 1 SD increase in MCS, the OR was 0.810 (95% CI: 0.677-0.970) for reluctant vaccination (refusal of COVID-19 vaccination) vs immediate vaccination, and the OR was 0.808 (95% CI: 0.710-0.919) for hesitant vaccination vs immediate vaccination. Conclusions People with better HRQoL preferred to receive the COVID-19 vaccine immediately.