Assessment of Accountability Mechanisms in the Management of Poverty Alleviation Programmes in the Eastern Part of Kogi State, Nigeria

Despite successive poverty alleviation efforts in Nigeria, poverty remains endemic, particularly in rural regions such as Kogi East. This study investigates the accountability mechanisms employed in managing poverty alleviation programmes in Kogi State’s eastern region. Grounded in accountability theory, which posits that individuals alter behaviors when they anticipate being held accountable, the study examines both structural and interpersonal accountability constructs. Using a mixed-methods design, the research collected data through surveys, in-depth interviews (IDIs), and focus group discussions (FGDs) across five local government areas (Dekina, Bassa, Ankpa, Ibaji, and Idah), with a representative sample size of 400. The study identified multiple accountability mechanisms such as internal audits, online transparency portals, social media feedback platforms, anti-corruption agency oversight, participatory rural appraisal, parliamentary oversight, and policy monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Findings reveal that while technology-based platforms and participatory mechanisms significantly improve transparency and citizen engagement, traditional audit mechanisms remain largely ineffective due to internal compromise and corruption. Anti-corruption agencies and parliamentary oversight, though necessary, were often perceived as ineffective or co-opted. Notably, 90% of respondents affirmed that robust monitoring and evaluation frameworks are critical in sustaining accountability, optimizing resource allocation, and reducing leakage. Additionally, the study revealed that transparency and accountability mechanisms directly correlate with improved implementation outcomes and beneficiary trust. This research highlights that for poverty alleviation programmes to be effective, accountability must transcend procedural compliance and embed digital transparency, participatory governance, and active citizen feedback loops. The study recommends institutional reforms, technological integration, and civic empowerment as essential components for improving accountability in poverty alleviation interventions. These reforms are pivotal not only for mitigating poverty but also for enhancing the legitimacy and efficiency of development programmes across Nigeria.