Vitamin D Levels Association with Cow Milk Allergy Sensitized Based on the SCORAD Index Age Less 1 Year Old at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh

Cow's milk allergy is an immunologically mediated reaction to cow's milk protein. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the immune system, and low blood levels of vitamin D have been associated with an increased incidence of allergies. However, findings from various studies remain mixed and sometimes controversial. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and cow's milk allergy sensitization in infants. A cross-sectional research was conducted involving 34 infants aged less than one year. Allergies were assessed using the SCORAD index, and vitamin D levels (25(OH)D) were measured for each subject. Statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney U test showed significant results (p<0.05). The mean vitamin D level in the deficiency group was 7.9 ng/mL, while in the insufficiency group, it was 20.4 ng/mL. Infants with mild SCORAD predominantly exhibited vitamin D insufficiency (73.5%), while those in the moderate SCORAD group showed a smaller proportion of insufficiency (11.8%). Among the participants, 21 infants received exclusive breastfeeding, and 23 received formula milk, with an equal distribution of males and females. This research highlights that infants with cow's milk allergy and vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency are at greater risk of heightened allergic sensitization, emphasizing the potential role of vitamin D status in the diagnosis and management of allergies.