Analysis of Lipid Composition and Biological Activities of Identical Extracts from Libyan Allium orientale

In this study, fatty acids were isolated and identified from the roots and leaves of Allium orientale (Allium spp.) using Soxhlet extraction GC/MS analysis of the extracts revealed a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Among the major constituents detected were oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids, which were consistently present in high concentrations across all samples, indicating a similar fatty acid composition among the extracts.. Studying the biological activity of certain plant extracts from the roots and flowers against various pathogenic bacteria, we found that these extracts exhibit a significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. The hexane extract of the roots showed the highest antibacterial activity, followed by the methanol extract of the flowers. These findings demonstrate that Allium orientale is a rich source of bioactive fatty acids and that its extracts possess promising biological effects, suggesting potential applications in pharmaceutical or nutraceutical fields. in natural medicine and food preservation Keywords: Allium orientale, lipid constituents, GC/MS, Antimicrobial activity.