Waterborne Diseases and Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) Techniques: A Review

Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of death in low- and middle-income countries where houses do not have access to a safe drinking water source. Many of these diarrheal diseases are caused by waterborne diseases transferred to their host through fecally contaminated water. The implementation of household water treatment techniques such as chlorination, filtration, and UV radiation serve as temporary solutions to decontaminate drinking water for households that do not have access to a safe water source. These solutions coupled with safe storage practices – can aid in the reduction of diarrheal diseases, especially in low and middle-income countries. This paper aims to describe these temporary techniques and certain water-transmitted diseases to provide more insight into these systems.