Integrating Cultural Mapping into Nursing Education: A Mixed-Methods Study on Physical Activity Interventions for Elderly Populations

Introduction: As global populations age, culturally responsive nursing interventions are critical to enhancing functional performance in older adults. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a context-sensitive sports nursing model tailored to Indonesian community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed, integrating quantitative pre-post tests with qualitative thematic analysis. Functional endurance and agility were assessed using the Two-Minute Step Test and Eight-Foot Up-and-Go Test among 60 participants. Data were collected before and after a 12-week culturally adapted sports nursing intervention. Simultaneously, semi-structured interviews explored participants’ experiences, with thematic analysis used to identify sociocultural influences on engagement and adherence. Results: Quantitative findings showed significant improvements in endurance (mean steps increased from 49.61 to 61.40, p < 0.001) and agility (mean time reduced from 9.35 to 7.51 seconds, p < 0.001). Qualitative analysis revealed that cultural values, community dynamics, and traditional beliefs strongly influenced participation and sustained involvement. The integration of local customs, group cohesion, and familiar physical activities enhanced acceptability and motivation. Conclusions: The study developed a replicable, culturally responsive sports nursing model that significantly improves functional performance in older adults. By embedding cultural mapping into program design, the model supports inclusivity and sustainability in community-based care. Findings advocate for global standards in nursing education that emphasize cultural competence, preparing future nurses to deliver equitable, patient-centered care across diverse populations. This approach offers a scalable framework for geriatric health interventions in low- and middle-income countries.