Redox Regulated Non–Volatility Switching in Single Nanopipette Memory–Diodes

Nanofluidic memory devices featuring brain-mimicking functions could mitigate von Neumann architecture limitations, but higher-order complexity functions and long-term memory remain challenging to establish. By integrating redox polymer PEDOT:PSS into single nanopipette diodes with memristor properties, hysteretic ion transport is regulated by coupled electron transfers which switch nanotip conductivity by hundred folds. Electrochemical oxidation and reduction of PEDOT lock in different nanotip conductivity states, accompanied by periodic bursting and chaotic switching behaviors. Reversible volatile and nonvolatile rectified memory effects are controlled by low electric potential: redox-regulated conductivity state changes in long-term; and pulse train or potential sweeping stimulated short-term memory effects. Integrating gate controls in three-terminal transistors into two-terminal memristor-diodes constitutes a generalizable design principle for advancing iontronics and neuromorphic computing capabilities.